The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI): Matters Arising in Nigeria

The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), launched by China in 2013, has become a cornerstone of global infrastructure and economic connectivity. In Nigeria, BRI projects span transportation, energy, and telecommunications, offering transformative potential for national development. However, this study identifies significant challenges such as debt sustainability, limited technology transfer, environmental degradation, and governance concerns that undermine the expected outcomes. The research problem lies in the lack of transparency and strategic alignment between Chinese investments and Nigeria’s developmental priorities. The objective is to examine the socio-economic and political implications of BRI in Nigeria, assessing both its opportunities and pitfalls. Using Dependency Theory and Neo-liberal Institutionalism as theoretical lenses, the study interrogates asymmetrical power relations and cooperative frameworks within BRI engagements. Findings reveal a paradox of progress, substantial infrastructural development but weak local capacity. The study concludes with strategic recommendations for transparent governance, balanced partnerships, and sustainable economic integration.